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Posted on: 9:57 pm, June 27, 2012, by Megan Hayes, updated on: 09:58pm, June 27, 2012
?
A bus monitor that was?bullied by school children is getting her payback, literally. Get the scoop in Michelle Stark?s featured web and technology segments from WHNT News 19 This Morning.
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You're in for a surprise if you thought that a commercial electrical contractor in Plano was there just to fix broken wires. A good electrician can actually help you increase the productivity of your business. Wondering how? Psychological analysis has proven that innovative lighting design that's fun, bright and vibrant helps keep the employees fresh, motivated and cheerful. Happy employees mean better results and increased productivity.
A good commercial electrical contractor in Plano can advice you on economic and energy efficient electric installation as well as perform a through safety check to prevent any incidents of short circuits or accidental electrocution.
Things a Commercial Electrical Contractor in Plano Can Do For You
A commercial electrical contractor in Plano can help you with electrical fittings and wiring, repair and replacement of existing fittings and redesigning the entire circuitry if need be. If an electrical appliance is not working for some unknown reason, you can call upon a professional electrician for troubleshooting and restoring functionality. Meter base and electric panel installations, repair or replacement, putting up new outlets and circuits, stylized lighting, ballast and lamp fittings or any other electrical installation, repair or replacement can be carried by your commercial electrical contractor Plano.
Commercial complexes are a hub of major electrical activity. A huge number of light sources, many computers and telecommunication devices are installed in a single office requiring a very complicated circuit system that must be installed for maximum efficiency and safety. Only a licensed and experienced commercial electrical contractor in Plano can do the job well. That is why you must pay attention to a few things before hiring a contractor for your business.
Things to Remember When Hiring a Commercial Electrical Contractor in Plano
One of the biggest things that lead to post job dissatisfaction is not knowing what to look for in the first place. Knowing the criteria your commercial electrical contractor in Plano must suffice puts you in a better position to select the right professional.
One of the most important things to check for is that the contractor is licensed, bonded and insured. He must have all the necessary permits required to work in Plano and fulfill all legal requirements. Make sure that every job the electrician does has a valid warranty so that you know whom to contact if a problem occurs.
Remember that this is electricity we are talking about and these isn't an inch of space for nonchalance, that is why you need the best professional even if getting one is a tad more expensive than the others. So don't settle for one offering you the lowest quote. Selecting the right professional can often be the difference between safety and life threatening risk. Always hire a licensed and dependable commercial electrical contractor in Plano.
Hire the most experienced, licensed and insured commercial electrical contractor in Plano for a service that is reliable and safe. Visit arrowelectric.net to schedule a visit today.
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Just a little bit of exercise is enough to decrease the risk of breast cancer, according to a new study.
However, University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill researchers said that the best way to lower your risk of breast cancer is to get to a healthy weight and maintain it.
The study, published in the journal CANCER, included 1,504 women who had breast cancer (233 of them had noninvasive breast cancer, while 1,271 people had invasive breast cancer), as well as 1,555 women who didn't have breast cancer. All of the women were between ages 20 and 98.
The researchers found that reproductive-age or postmenopausal women who reported exercising the most in the study -- between 10 and 19 hours each week -- were the ones who had the greatest decrease in breast cancer risk -- a 30 percent lower risk of the disease.
However, even women who exercised less than that seemed to have a decrease in breast cancer risk, especially for the hormone-receptor positive kinds of breast cancer.
And you don't have to be a marathoner or super-exerciser to reap the benefits -- researchers found that all levels of exercise intensity were linked with a decreased risk.
"The observation of a reduced risk of breast cancer for women who engaged in exercise after menopause is particularly encouraging given the late age of onset for breast cancer," study researcher Lauren McCullough said in a statement.
But the important thing is to maintain the healthy weight -- researchers found that if a woman stayed active but put on significant pounds, breast cancer risk increased -- suggesting weight gain can actually negate the positive effects of exercise.
Similarly, TIME magazine reported on a Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center study showing that women who experienced a moderate weight loss -- as a result of eating healthily and exercising -- also had a decrease in hormones linked with breast cancer.
Now things are really getting interesting in the smartphone arena. Just a few years ago, those who wanted an iPhone in the United States had one choice: AT&T. Today, it's available on three major postpaid carriers, and more importantly, it's joining the prepaid ranks as well. That's a huge move for Apple, and it promises to place the iPhone into many more hands than it's already in. Many consumers simply aren't interested in a contract, and with Cricket announcing that it would soon be carrying the iOS superphone, we knew it was just a matter of time.
Though the next-gen iPhone should only be a few months away, those wanting an iOS phone today can now get one on a prepaid contract. The price? Really, really attractive. The iPhone 4 is selling for $399 (8GB), while the iPhone 4S costs $100 more at $499 (16GB). That's actually less than most other carriers are selling iPhones off-contract (but still locked to that carrier). Furthermore, Cricket offers a remarkable $55/month plan, which includes unlimited messaging / calling, as well as data, but speeds will be throttled down if you use over 2.3GB per month.
If you've held out so far, now just might be the time to jump in. If you're not interested in waiting for the iPhone 5, that is.
A Palestinian firefighter tries to extinguish a fire following an Israeli air strike in Gaza City, early Saturday.
By msnbc.com staff and news services
GAZA -- Israel launched air raids on Hamas security targets in Gaza on Saturday, reportedly killing at least two Palestinians and injuring at least 21 others, including four children.
The raids were launched after militants in Gaza stepped up rocket attacks, wounding an Israeli man.
The escalating violence threatened to unravel Wednesday's shaky Egyptian-brokered truce which had temporarily calmed violence that erupted on Monday after a raid across Egypt's Sinai border in which an Israeli man and two gunmen were killed.
The Israeli Defense Force said in a statement that it had "targeted a terrorist squad during preparations to fire a rocket at Israel from the central Gaza Strip" Friday, according to BBC News.
The BBC said that attacked killed a man called Bazel Ahmed and that a second air strike killed an 18-year-old, who the IDF said had been part of a group firing rockets.
Hamas: Boy, 6, dies Hamas medical officials said a third Israeli air raid killed a six-year-old boy at a soccer field near the town of Khan Younis, and wounded two other people. They said a baby was wounded in a separate attack in Rafah, at the Egypt border.
An Israeli military spokeswoman, commenting on the boy's death, said: "an initial examination shows the military was not involved in this incident." She had no immediate comment on the report about the baby.
At least two killed in attack on Israel-Egypt border
The Israeli strikes were reported after the worst rocket assault in six days of fighting. One projectile slammed into the Israeli town of Sderot wounding an Israeli man in the neck just as he was trying to enter a concrete shelter.
The rocket was one of more than 50 fired into Israel, nearly 10 times the number fired on Friday, the military said. At least six other rockets were intercepted by an Israeli missile defense system.
BUILD YOUR SELF ESTEEM, A STARTER GUIDE TO SELF IMPROVEMENT
So how do you stay calm, composed and maintain self esteem in a tough environment? Here are some tips you may to consider as a starter guide to self improvement.
Imagine yourself as a Dart Board. Everything and everyone else around you may become Dart Pins, at one point or another. These dart pins will destroy your self esteem and pull you down in ways you won?t even remember. Don?t let them destroy you, or get the best of you. So which dart pins should you avoid?
Dart Pin #1 : Negative Work Environment Beware of ?dog eat dog? theory where everyone else is fighting just to get ahead. This is where non-appreciative people usually thrive. No one will appreciate your contributions even if you miss lunch and dinner, and stay up late. Most of the time you get to work too much without getting help from people concerned. Stay out of this, it will ruin your self esteem. Competition is at stake anywhere. Be healthy enough to compete, but in a healthy competition that is.
Dart Pin #2: Other People?s Behavior Bulldozers, brown nosers, gossipmongers, whiners, backstabbers, snipers, people walking wounded, controllers, naggers, complainers, exploders, patronizers, sluffers? all these kinds of people will pose bad vibes for your self esteem, as well as to your self improvement scheme.
Dart Pin #3: Changing Environment You can?t be a green bug on a brown field. Changes challenge our paradigms. It tests our flexibility, adaptability and alters the way we think. Changes will make life difficult for awhile, it may cause stress but it will help us find ways to improve our selves. Change will be there forever, we must be susceptible to it.
Dart Pin #4: Past Experience It?s okay to cry and say ?ouch!? when we experience pain. But don?t let pain transform itself into fear. It might grab you by the tail and swing you around. Treat each failure and mistake as a lesson.
Dart Pin #5: Negative World View Look at what you?re looking at. Don?t wrap yourself up with all the negativities of the world. In building self esteem, we must learn how to make the best out of worst situations.
Dart Pin #6: Determination Theory The way you are and your behavioral traits is said to be a mixed end product of your inherited traits (genetics), your upbringing (psychic), and your environmental surroundings such as your spouse, the company, the economy or your circle of friends. You have your own identity. If your father is a failure, it doesn?t mean you have to be a failure too. Learn from other people?s experience, so you?ll never have to encounter the same mistakes.
Sometimes, you may want to wonder if some people are born leaders or positive thinkers. NO. Being positive, and staying positive is a choice. Building self esteem and drawing lines for self improvement is a choice, not a rule or a talent. God wouldn?t come down from heaven and tell you ? ?George, you may now have the permission to build self esteem and improve your self.?
In life, its hard to stay tough specially when things and people around you keep pulling you down. When we get to the battle field, we should choose the right luggage to bring and armors to use, and pick those that are bullet proof. Life?s options give us arrays of more options. Along the battle, we will get hit and bruised. And wearing a bullet proof armor ideally means ?self change?. The kind of change which comes from within. Voluntarily. Armor or Self Change changes 3 things: our attitude, our behavior and our way of thinking.
Building self esteem will eventually lead to self improvement if we start to become responsible for who we are, what we have and what we do. Its like a flame that should gradually spread like a brush fire from inside and out. When we develop self esteem, we take control of our mission, values and discipline. Self esteem brings about self improvement, true assessment, and determination. So how do you start putting up the building blocks of self esteem? Be positive. Be contented and happy. Be appreciative. Never miss an opportunity to compliment. A positive way of living will help you build self esteem, your starter guide to self improvement.
BUILD YOUR SELF ESTEEM, A STARTER GUIDE TO SELF IMPROVEMENT
A showdown on Capitol Hill over the Fast & Furious gunwalking controversy prompted a Congressional Committee, in a party-line vote, to cite Attorney General Eric Holder in contempt of Congress. We?ll talk to the chairman of that committee, Rep. Darrell Issa (R-CA), who led the charge as part of our roundtable. Plus, the fight over the Hispanic vote as the debate over immigration policy takes center stage and the very latest on the GOP veepstakes ? what message will Romney try to send with his pick? The rest of our roundtable weighs in: Former Governor Bill Richardson (D-NM); POLITICO?s Senior Political Reporter Jonathan Martin; and NBC News Chief Foreign Affairs Correspondent Andrea Mitchell.
Screen Grabs chronicles the uses (and misuses) of real-world gadgets in today's movies and TV. Send in your sightings (with screen grab!) to screengrabs at engadget dot com.
TV producers always think they can sneak a fast one by us and our eagle-eyed readers. Little do they realize that together we are a near unstoppable force, capable of spotting, identifying and mocking nearly every use (and misuse) of tech on TV. A tipster caught this un-branded tablet on a recent episode of Continuum and, after a little bit of sleuthing, we were able to identify it as the Iconia Tab W500. Without the company's branding it was a little tough to pick out exactly what this slate was, but the off-center placement of the Windows logo and unique looking webcam gave its identity away. Sorry Canadian television, you'll have to try harder to sneak a device by us.
Man, does HTC employ some loose-lipped people or what? Less than a day after Microsoft's big Windows Phone 8 preview event, The Verge managed to score some details on HTC?s hardware plans for Windows Phone 8. If their source?s information holds true, the Taiwanese company has plans to release a top-tier, mid-range, and an entry-level WP8 device before the year is out. Starting at the top is the ?Zenith,? which reportedly sports a 4.7-inch Super LCD 2 display, HSPA+ 42Mbps support, and, 8-megapixel camera, and an unspecified Qualcomm quad-core processor.
FREE SUMMER ART CLASSES Arts Not Arrests at the Walt Shamel Community Garden at 1093-95 Dean Street (between Franklin and Bedford) A full schedule is available here.
FREE SUMMER ART PROGRAM THROUGH THE MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA MAP @ LIU Brooklyn is a free summer intensive studio course and field study for serious young artists interested in developing their portfolios. Classes are taught by practicing artists and college professors who specialize in drawing and painting. High school juniors or seniors interested in pursuing higher education in the visual arts should apply. The program runs July 9 - 27 from 9am? 4pm Participation is free. For more information, email community@brooklyn.liu.edu. Click here for more details and an application.
FORT GREENE SUMMER YOUTH CREATIVE WRITING WORKSHOPS Free 6 week Saturday workshops for 8-12 year olds and 13-17 year olds (and parents), July 7th through August 11th. Meet from10:30 to noon in Fort Greene Park. At the end of the 6-week workshops, all participants will be invited to read their writing as part of the 8th Annual Fort Greene Park Summer Literary Festival on August 18th! To sign up, contact NY Writers Coalition at 718-398-2883, or email http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001sMtURc3sGMRAImYDQFjZVrFra6cC_DIINHa-2g-WF3guGQIhab7_RkKArkC8P_95tmoJ7eTFMUBHWyQ9fFWMWQ==.
FREE SUMMER ART PROGRAM THROUGH THE MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA MAP @ LIU Brooklyn is a free summer intensive studio course and field study for serious young artists interested in developing their portfolios. Classes are taught by practicing artists and college professors who specialize in drawing and painting. High school juniors or seniors interested in pursuing higher education in the visual arts should apply. The program runs July 9 - 27 from 9am? 4pm Participation is free. For more information, email community@brooklyn.liu.edu. Click here for more details and an application.
FORT GREENE SUMMER YOUTH CREATIVE WRITING WORKSHOPS
Free 6 week Saturday workshops for 8-12 year olds and 13-17 year olds (and parents), July 7th through August 11th. Meet from10:30 to noon in Fort Greene Park. At the end of the 6-week workshops, all participants will be invited to read their writing as part of the 8th Annual Fort Greene Park Summer Literary Festival on August 18th! To sign up, contact NY Writers Coalition at 718-398-2883, or email fgp@nywriterscoalition.org.
2012 LIU BROOKLYN SUMMER PROGRAMS FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
LIU Brooklyn Summer Bridge Program (http://www2.brooklyn.liu.edu/honors/bridge.html)Since 1981, the LIU Brooklyn Summer Bridge Program has provided New York City high school students with a challenging academic experience at the college level. This programs, sponsored by the LIU Brooklyn University Honors Program, offers a variety of experiences for students with a broad range of academic abilities.
Science Technology Entry Program (STEP) (http://www2.brooklyn.liu.edu/CommunityConnections/Educating%20the%20Community/STEP.html) This program specializes in preparing students to enter into STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) fields. The program provides SAT prep as well as tutoring services.
Liberty Partnership Program (http://www2.brooklyn.liu.edu/liberty/index.html)The Liberty Partnerships Program at LIU Brooklyn is a college readiness program for high juniors and seniors. Our program provides academic support, tutorial services, SAT Prep, creative writing, chess, discussion groups, project-based learning, and partnerships with the Long Island University Brooklyn Campus School of Business, Public Administration and Information Services and the Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Services.
Contact: Ronald Robinson - Roland.Robinson@liu.edu/(718) 488-3399
Career Opportunities in the Accounting Profession (COAP) (http://www.liu.edu/Brooklyn/About/News/Campus-Calendar/2012/June/BK-Event-COAP-Jun24-29.aspx) Sponsored by the LIU Brooklyn School of Business, Public Administration & Information Sciences in conjunction with the Foundation for Accounting Education of the New York State Society of Public Accountants, COAP aims to encourage high school junior and senior students to pursue careers in accounting. The free weeklong program is held annually each June and includes accommodations in the residence halls. In addition to a hands-on view of the accounting industry, students will experience campus life and participate in sessions on resume writing, etiquette, communication, and business ethics. Applications will be accepted until June 4, 2012 Contact: Linette Williams (718) 488-1072.
MoCADA and LIU Brooklyn FREE Summer Program for High School Students (MAP)(http://www.liu.edu/Brooklyn/About/News/Campus-Calendar/2012/July/BK-Event-MAP-Jul9-27.aspx)
MAP at LIU Brooklyn is a free summer intensive studio course and field study for serious young artists interested in developing their portfolios. Classes are taught by practicing artists and college professors who specialize in drawing and painting. High school juniors or seniors interested in pursuing higher education in the visual arts should apply. The program runs July 9 - 27 from 9 a.m. ? 4 p.m. Participation is free.
For more information, email community@brooklyn.liu.edu
Science has known about plant hormones since Charles Darwin experimented with plant shoots and showed that the shoots bend toward the light as long as their tips, which are secreting a growth hormone, aren't cut off.
But it is only recently that scientists have begun to put a molecular face on the biochemical systems that modulate the levels of plant hormones to defend the plant from herbivore or pathogen attack or to allow it to adjust to changes in temperature, precipitation or soil nutrients.
Now, a cross-Atlantic collaboration between scientists at Washington University in St. Louis, and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, both in Grenoble, France, has revealed the workings of a switch that activates plant hormones, tags them for storage or marks them for destruction.
The research appeared online in the May 24 issue of Science Express and will be published in a forthcoming issue of Science.
"The enzymes are cellular stop/go switches that turn hormone responses on and off," says Joseph Jez, PhD, associate professor of biology in Arts & Sciences at WUSTL and senior author on the paper.
The research is relevant not just to design of herbicides ? some of which are synthetic plant hormones ? but also to the genetic modification of plants to suit more extreme growing conditions due to unchecked climate change.
What plant hormones do
Plants can seem pretty defenseless. After all, they can't run from the weed whacker or move to the shade when they're wilting, and they don't have teeth, claws, nervous systems, immune systems or most of the other protective equipment that comes standard with an animal chassis.
But they do make hormones. Or to be precise ? because hormones are often defined as chemicals secreted by glands and plants don't have glands ? they make chemicals that in very low concentrations dramatically alter their development, growth or metabolism. In the original sense of the word "hormone," which is Greek for impetus, they stir up the plant.
In plants as in animals, hormones control growth and development. For example, the auxins, one group of plant hormones, trigger cell division, stem elongation and differentiation into roots, shoots and leaves. The herbicide 2,4-D is a synthetic auxin that kills broadleaf plants, such as dandelions or pigweed, by forcing them to grow to the point of exhaustion.
Asked for his favorite example of a plant hormone, Corey S. Westfall brings up its chemical defense systems. Westfall, a graduate student in the Jez laboratory, who together with Chloe Zubieta, PhD, a staff scientist at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility did most of the work on the research.
Walking through a public park in St. Louis near WUSTL, Westfall often sees oak leaves with brown spots on them. The spots are cells that have deliberately committed cell suicide to deny water and nutrients to a pathogen that landed in the center of the spot. This form of self-sterilization is triggered by the plant hormone salicylic acid.
Westfall also mentions the jasmonates, which cause plants to secrete compounds such as tannins that discourage herbivores. Tannins are toxic to insects because they bind to salivary proteins and inactivate them. So insects that ingest lots of tannins fail to gain weight and may eventually die.
A little more, a little less
Hormones, in other words, allow plants to respond quickly and sometimes dramatically to developmental cues and environmental stresses. But in order to respond appropriately, plants have to be able to sensitively control the level and activity of the hormone molecules.
The Sciencepaper reveals a key control mechanism: a family of enzymes that attach amino acids to hormone molecules to turn the hormones on or off. Depending on the hormone and the amino acid, the reaction can activate the hormone, put it in storage or mark it for destruction.
For example, in the model plant, thale cress, fewer than 5 percent of the auxins are found in the active free-form. Most are conjugated (attached) to amino acids and inactive, constituting a pool of molecules that can be quickly converted to the active free form.
The attachment of amino acids is catalyzed by a large family of enzymes (proteins) called the GH3s, which probably originated 400 million years ago, before the evolution of land plants. The genes diversified over time: there are only a few in mosses, but 19 in thale cress and more than 100 in total.
"Nature finds things that works and sticks with them," Jez says. The GH3s, he says, are a remarkable example of gene family expansion to suit multiple purposes.
A swiveling hormone modification machine
The first GH3 gene ? from soybean ? was sequenced in 1984. But gene (or protein) sequences reveal little about what proteins do and how they do it. To understand function, the scientists had to figure out how these enzymes, which start out as long necklaces of amino acids, fold into knobbly globules with protective indentations for chemical reactions.
Unfortunately, protein folding is a notoriously hard problem, one as yet beyond the reach of computer calculations at least as a matter of routine. So most protein structures are still solved by the time-intensive process of crystallizing the protein and bombarding the crystal with X-rays to locate the atoms within it. Both the Jez lab and the Structural Biology Group at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility specialize in protein crystallization.
By good fortune, the scientists were able to freeze the enzymes in two different conformations. This information and that gleaned by mutating the amino acids lining the enzyme's active site let them piece together what the enzymes were doing.
It turned out that the GH3 enzymes, which fold into a shape called a hammer and anvil, cataylze a two-step chemical reaction. In the first step, the enzyme's active site is open allowing ATP (adenosine triphosphate, the cell's energy storage molecule) and the free acid form of the plant hormone to enter.
Once the molecules are bound, the enzyme strips phosphate groups off the ATP molecule to form AMP and sticks the AMP onto an "activated" form of the hormone, a reaction called adenylation.
Adenylation triggers part of the enzyme to rotate over the active site, preparing it to catalyze the second reaction, in which an amino acid is snapped onto the hormone molecule. This is called a transferase reaction.
"After you pop off the two phosphates," Jez says, "the top of the molecule ratchets in and sets up a completely different active site. We were lucky enough to capture that crystallographically because we caught the enzyme in both positions."
The same basic two-step reaction can either activate or inactivate a hormone molecule. Addition of the amino acid isoleucine to a jasmonate, for example, makes the jasmonate hormone bioactive. On the other hand addition of the amino acid aspartate to the auxin known as IAA marks it for destruction.
This is the first time any GH3 structure has been solved.
Plant breeding in a hurry
Understanding the powerful plant hormone systems will give scientists a much faster and more targeted way to breed and domesticate plant species, speed that will be needed to keep up with the rapid shift of plant growing zones.
Plant hormones, like animal hormones, typically affect the transcription of many genes and so have multiple effects, some desirable and others undesirable. But GH3 mutants provide a tantalizing glimpse of what might be possible: some are resistant to bacterial pathogens, others to fungal pathogens and some are exceptionally drought tolerant.
Westfall mentions that in 2003, a scientist at Purdue University figured out that a corn strain that had a short stalk but normal ears and tassels had a mutation that interferes with the flow of the hormone auxin in the plant.
Because the plants are so much smaller, they are relatively drought resistant and might be able to grow in India, where North American corn varieties cannot survive. Similar high-yield dwarf varieties might prevent famine in areas of the world where many people are at risk of starvation.
###
Washington University in St. Louis: http://www.wustl.edu
Thanks to Washington University in St. Louis for this article.
This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.
Egypt's Hosni Mubarak, who was reported clinically dead after suffering a stroke in prison on Tuesday, enjoyed near absolute power for three decades before being toppled by a popular uprising last year.
The official MENA news agency reported that Mubarak was "clinically dead" after "his heart had stopped beating and did not respond to defibrillation."
The 84-year-old had suffered a stroke and been defibrillated before being transferred to hospital from the prison where he has been held since he was sentenced to life over the murder of protesters.
Mubarak had faced the gallows, with the prosecution calling for the death penalty.
After he was flown to Tora prison on Cairo's outskirts after the sentencing, he refused to leave the helicopter and security officials said he "suffered from a surprise health crisis" before they finally convinced him to go in.
His health has fluctuated since then, with doctors defibrillating him twice on June 11. He has reportedly suffered acute depression, as well as periodic increases in blood pressure and shortness of breath.
His was a spectacular fall from grace that sent shock waves across the Middle East and beyond when he announced his resignation on February 11, 2011 after an 18-day popular revolt. The military took power after his resignation.
Until anti-government protests erupted on January 25, Mubarak seemed untouchable as president of the most populous nation in the Arab world, backed by the United States and the military, from whose ranks he had emerged.
Mubarak had survived 10 attempts on his life and his health has long been a subject of speculation. But in the end, it was the people who brought down Egypt's latter-day pharaoh.
He rose to power unexpectedly, when then president Anwar Sadat, who made history by signing a peace deal with Israel, was gunned down by Islamist militants on October 6, 1981 at a military parade in Cairo.
Mubarak took office a week later and ruled without interruption until last year.
Islamic fundamentalist groups, including Al-Jihad, Gamaa Islamiyya and Talaeh al-Fatah, were responsible for most of the attempts on Mubarak's life.
The first came in 1993, a year after Islamists launched a violent campaign to topple the secular government, when a bid to fire rockets at Mubarak's plush Cairo residence was foiled.
Later attempts included a plot to car-bomb the presidential motorcade in Cairo.
In 1995, militants opened fire on the presidential motorcade in Addis Ababa, a year after they tried to kill Mubarak with explosives as he was due to meet Libyan leader Moamer Kadhafi at a military airport.
In September 1999, Mubarak was slightly wounded when a man with no apparent links to any Islamic group stabbed him in Port Said.
With his jet black hair and aquiline nose, Mubarak had a reputation for vigour and was once known to play squash almost daily.
But that was dented in 2003 when he fainted while addressing parliament.
Officials blamed his collapse on a cold and the fact that he had been fasting during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.
In 2004, he underwent surgery in Germany for a slipped disc, and he returned to Germany in March 2010 for the removal of his gall bladder and a growth on the small intestine.
Rumours that he had died under the knife were dispelled when state television showed him recovering.
Mubarak's health was usually a taboo subject in Egypt and the father of two, whose wife Suzanne is half Welsh, kept his private life a carefully guarded secret.
In 2007, speculation about his health snowballed to the extent that Mubarak made an unscheduled public appearance to lay rumours to rest.
Mubarak was born on May 4, 1928 in the Nile Delta village of Menufiyah.
He rose through the ranks of the air force and fought in repeated wars with Israel, to claim hero status before supporting Sadat in pursuing peace with the Jewish state in 1979.
Throughout his years in power, he maintained the unpopular policy of peace with Israel and accommodation with the West that cost Sadat his life.
His government was the frequent target of domestic opposition -- ranging from the Muslim Brotherhood to secular and liberal dissidents.
But the regime quashed militant groups, which carried out attacks in the 1980s, 1990s and, more recently, in 2004 and 2006, when tourist resorts were targeted.
His ties with the United States and Israel drew criticism from across the region, especially during the 2006 Israeli war in Lebanon and Israel's Gaza offensive in 2008-2009.
Domestic opponents accused Washington of turning a blind eye to human rights abuses, corruption and the Mubarak regime's failure to push ahead with badly needed reforms.
Eric Church has reason to celebrate again this week, as his latest hit, ?Springsteen,? remains at No. 1 on both the Billboard and Mediabase / Country Aircheck country singles chart.
?Springsteen? is the third single from Church?s latest album ?Chief,? following ?Homeboy? and his previous chart-topper ?Drink in My Hand.? Church penned the tune with one of his bandmates Jeff Hyde, and songwriter Ryan Tyndell. Since its release, ?Springsteen? has been a fan favorite, as well as one of Church?s favorite tunes from the project.
?It?s very haunting and cool,? Church recently told Taste of Country. ?We started painting this picture with the song. I?ve always wanted to do a song about the experience that fans have and that I had myself, on the lawn at an amphitheater at a concert.?
Tailing Church on the charts this week are Luke Bryan?s smash single ?Drunk on You? (No. 2), Brantley Gilbert?s power-ballad ?You Don?t Know Her Like I Do? (No. 3), the Eli Young Band?s ?Even If It Breaks Your Heart? (No. 4) and Tim McGraw?s ?Better Than I Used to Be? (No. 5). Dierks Bentley, Toby Keith, Gloriana and Kenny Chesney round out the rest of the Top 10 with their latest singles.
It's Monday, which means it is time for you to listen into the recording booth when the Engadget HD podcast goes to mp3 at 9:00PM.Please be a part of it by reviewing the list of topics after the break, then participating in the live chat too.
Researchers reveal crucial immune fighter role of the STING protein Public release date: 18-Jun-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Lauren Woods law2014@med.cornell.edu 212-821-0560 New York- Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center/Weill Cornell Medical College
Key protein's double wing-like crystal structure captures secreted molecules from invading pathogens, activating the body's powerful immune response
NEW YORK (June 15, 2012) -- Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have unlocked the structure of a key protein that, when sensing certain viruses and bacteria, triggers the body's immediate immune response.
In the journal Molecular Cell, scientists describe the double wing-like crystal structure of this key protein, known as STING, which is a soldier on the front-line of the body's defense against pathogens. Researchers also show STING in action, displaying evidence of a bacterial infection -- an action that launches the body's innate immune response.
"Activation of STING is crucial to the ability of the human body to pick out bits of molecules secreted by pathogens, including many different viruses and bacteria, and alert the human body that they are there. By solving the structure of this protein, we now know how they do this crucial task," says the study's lead author, Dr. Qian Yin, a postdoctoral associate in the laboratory of Dr. Hao Wu, professor of Biochemistry at Weill Cornell Medical College.
"The STING structure provides a remarkable example of the pathogen-host interactions in which a unique microbial molecule directly engages the innate immune system," says Dr. Wu, the study's senior investigator and director of the Lab of Cell Signaling at Weill Cornell.
While the findings have no immediate clinical significance, they might be useful in helping to make vaccines against pathogens more effective. "Based on the structure we have of STING interacting with molecules secreted from bacteria, we may be able to design new molecules that induce a stronger, more persistent immune response," says Dr. Yin.
STING's wings and tail respond to invaders
All plant and animal life use an innate immune response to recognize and respond to an assault by pathogens. This primitive response is immediate, but not long-lasting or protective; the secondary, adaptive immune response sets up the long-term defense.
Previously, scientists thought the innate response was generic, but recently, investigators uncovered proteins expressed by cells of the innate immune system that identify specific molecular patterns linked to microbial pathogens. STING was recently identified as a member of a family of proteins that is involved in this pattern recognition task. It is specifically tasked at finding viruses that have double-stranded DNA genomes, and with locating bacteria.
While STING does not confront viruses or viral molecules directly, with bacteria, STING is on the lookout for small molecules that bacteria use to communicate within their cellular bodies. These molecules are cyclic-di-GMP, produced by most bacteria, and cyclic-di-AMP, used by bacteria that grow inside the cells of a host.
However STING is activated, the end result is the same, Dr. Yin says. STING induces a response from interferon, which activates other immune cells that kill the invading parasites.
The crystal structure of STING developed by the research team explains the overall structure of the protein. The second structure of STING, bound to cyclic-di-GMP, explains how the protein can recognize and pick up both cyclic-di-GMP and cyclic-di-AMP. This and other published data suggests how STING activates an immune response.
Dr. Yin describes STING's structure as two wings, which form the bottom and sides that hold cyclic-di-GMP. "It is like two people holding out their left or right hands, wrists joining and palms facing each other, and holding something in their palms."
"The amazing thing is STING only binds to cyclic-di-GMP and, to a lesser degree, cyclic-di-AMP, leaving all other nucleotides in the human body quite safe -- meaning it is not picking up natural human molecules," she says. "To use the hands analogy again, only cyclic-di-GMP and cyclic-di-AMP can fit into the space between the two hands. Other nucleotides are too small and they will slip."
The researchers also propose that once STING's wings picks up cyclic-di-GMP, the molecule frees up the tail of STING's protein? which then engages with other proteins.
"We believe this movement of the tail section of the protein is the switch that turns on the interferon response," says Dr. Yin.
"This work has uncovered a number of unexpected insights into how STING works," says Dr. Wu. "By binding tightly only to tiny molecules produced by bacteria, which then turns on the interferon switch, it prevents the immune system from attacking the body's own cells."
###
Study co-authors include Dr. Yuan Tian and Dr. Venkataraman Kabaleeswaran from Weill Cornell Medical College; Dr. Xiaomo Jiang and Dr. Zhijian J. Chen from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; and Dr. Daqi Tu and Dr. Michael J. Eck from Harvard Medical School.
Weill Cornell Medical College
Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University's medical school located in New York City, is committed to excellence in research, teaching, patient care and the advancement of the art and science of medicine, locally, nationally and globally. Physicians and scientists of Weill Cornell Medical College are engaged in cutting-edge research from bench to bedside, aimed at unlocking mysteries of the human body in health and sickness and toward developing new treatments and prevention strategies. In its commitment to global health and education, Weill Cornell has a strong presence in places such as Qatar, Tanzania, Haiti, Brazil, Austria and Turkey. Through the historic Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, the Medical College is the first in the U.S. to offer its M.D. degree overseas. Weill Cornell is the birthplace of many medical advances including the development of the Pap test for cervical cancer, the synthesis of penicillin, the first successful embryo-biopsy pregnancy and birth in the U.S., the first clinical trial of gene therapy for Parkinson's disease, and most recently, the world's first successful use of deep brain stimulation to treat a minimally conscious brain-injured patient. Weill Cornell Medical College is affiliated with NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, where its faculty provides comprehensive patient care at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center. The Medical College is also affiliated with the Methodist Hospital in Houston. For more information, visit weill.cornell.edu.
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Researchers reveal crucial immune fighter role of the STING protein Public release date: 18-Jun-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Lauren Woods law2014@med.cornell.edu 212-821-0560 New York- Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center/Weill Cornell Medical College
Key protein's double wing-like crystal structure captures secreted molecules from invading pathogens, activating the body's powerful immune response
NEW YORK (June 15, 2012) -- Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have unlocked the structure of a key protein that, when sensing certain viruses and bacteria, triggers the body's immediate immune response.
In the journal Molecular Cell, scientists describe the double wing-like crystal structure of this key protein, known as STING, which is a soldier on the front-line of the body's defense against pathogens. Researchers also show STING in action, displaying evidence of a bacterial infection -- an action that launches the body's innate immune response.
"Activation of STING is crucial to the ability of the human body to pick out bits of molecules secreted by pathogens, including many different viruses and bacteria, and alert the human body that they are there. By solving the structure of this protein, we now know how they do this crucial task," says the study's lead author, Dr. Qian Yin, a postdoctoral associate in the laboratory of Dr. Hao Wu, professor of Biochemistry at Weill Cornell Medical College.
"The STING structure provides a remarkable example of the pathogen-host interactions in which a unique microbial molecule directly engages the innate immune system," says Dr. Wu, the study's senior investigator and director of the Lab of Cell Signaling at Weill Cornell.
While the findings have no immediate clinical significance, they might be useful in helping to make vaccines against pathogens more effective. "Based on the structure we have of STING interacting with molecules secreted from bacteria, we may be able to design new molecules that induce a stronger, more persistent immune response," says Dr. Yin.
STING's wings and tail respond to invaders
All plant and animal life use an innate immune response to recognize and respond to an assault by pathogens. This primitive response is immediate, but not long-lasting or protective; the secondary, adaptive immune response sets up the long-term defense.
Previously, scientists thought the innate response was generic, but recently, investigators uncovered proteins expressed by cells of the innate immune system that identify specific molecular patterns linked to microbial pathogens. STING was recently identified as a member of a family of proteins that is involved in this pattern recognition task. It is specifically tasked at finding viruses that have double-stranded DNA genomes, and with locating bacteria.
While STING does not confront viruses or viral molecules directly, with bacteria, STING is on the lookout for small molecules that bacteria use to communicate within their cellular bodies. These molecules are cyclic-di-GMP, produced by most bacteria, and cyclic-di-AMP, used by bacteria that grow inside the cells of a host.
However STING is activated, the end result is the same, Dr. Yin says. STING induces a response from interferon, which activates other immune cells that kill the invading parasites.
The crystal structure of STING developed by the research team explains the overall structure of the protein. The second structure of STING, bound to cyclic-di-GMP, explains how the protein can recognize and pick up both cyclic-di-GMP and cyclic-di-AMP. This and other published data suggests how STING activates an immune response.
Dr. Yin describes STING's structure as two wings, which form the bottom and sides that hold cyclic-di-GMP. "It is like two people holding out their left or right hands, wrists joining and palms facing each other, and holding something in their palms."
"The amazing thing is STING only binds to cyclic-di-GMP and, to a lesser degree, cyclic-di-AMP, leaving all other nucleotides in the human body quite safe -- meaning it is not picking up natural human molecules," she says. "To use the hands analogy again, only cyclic-di-GMP and cyclic-di-AMP can fit into the space between the two hands. Other nucleotides are too small and they will slip."
The researchers also propose that once STING's wings picks up cyclic-di-GMP, the molecule frees up the tail of STING's protein? which then engages with other proteins.
"We believe this movement of the tail section of the protein is the switch that turns on the interferon response," says Dr. Yin.
"This work has uncovered a number of unexpected insights into how STING works," says Dr. Wu. "By binding tightly only to tiny molecules produced by bacteria, which then turns on the interferon switch, it prevents the immune system from attacking the body's own cells."
###
Study co-authors include Dr. Yuan Tian and Dr. Venkataraman Kabaleeswaran from Weill Cornell Medical College; Dr. Xiaomo Jiang and Dr. Zhijian J. Chen from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; and Dr. Daqi Tu and Dr. Michael J. Eck from Harvard Medical School.
Weill Cornell Medical College
Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University's medical school located in New York City, is committed to excellence in research, teaching, patient care and the advancement of the art and science of medicine, locally, nationally and globally. Physicians and scientists of Weill Cornell Medical College are engaged in cutting-edge research from bench to bedside, aimed at unlocking mysteries of the human body in health and sickness and toward developing new treatments and prevention strategies. In its commitment to global health and education, Weill Cornell has a strong presence in places such as Qatar, Tanzania, Haiti, Brazil, Austria and Turkey. Through the historic Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, the Medical College is the first in the U.S. to offer its M.D. degree overseas. Weill Cornell is the birthplace of many medical advances including the development of the Pap test for cervical cancer, the synthesis of penicillin, the first successful embryo-biopsy pregnancy and birth in the U.S., the first clinical trial of gene therapy for Parkinson's disease, and most recently, the world's first successful use of deep brain stimulation to treat a minimally conscious brain-injured patient. Weill Cornell Medical College is affiliated with NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, where its faculty provides comprehensive patient care at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center. The Medical College is also affiliated with the Methodist Hospital in Houston. For more information, visit weill.cornell.edu.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
WWDC 2012 dissected by design, The impact of Retina MacBooks and the design decisions in iOS 6. With Seth Clifford from Nickelfish, Marc Edwards from Bjango, Brad Ellis from Pacific Helm, Rene Ritchie from iMore.com and Dave Wiskus from Black Pixel. (Apologies for audio issues -- this was gorilla podcasting!)
Hear that, Toronto-based readers? That's the sound of Porsche Design's P'9981 BlackBerry doing donuts at a store near you (well, relatively speaking). Fresh from satisfying many a midlife crisis in London, the luxury phone is now available in Canada via the fancy Porsche Design boutique store in Toronto's Yorkville neighborhood, according to MobileSyrup. Folks willing to pay the pinky-raising premium price of $1,899 essentially get a BlackBerry 7 OS phone featuring upscale Porsche Design touches like a metal keyboard, stainless steel frame and leather-wrapped back cover. Still need to do some tire kicking? No worries -- you can take the phone out for a virtual test drive with our P'9981 review.
I've recently started up a non-canon roleplay set in the wonderful universe of George R.R. Martin, taking place north of the Wall, following a group of rangers from the Night's Watch, and the wilding tribe they've run into. The two groups are trapped my a mysterious enemy, and will be forced to coexist in order to survive, and to perhaps take the threat head on.
It's an advanced roleplay, and I'm looking for advanced roleplayers who can bring some awesome writing to the table in this cooperative RP. I'm looking to have the cast finished at about a dozen, give or take a few, and so far there's six characters either submitted or reserved. I currently of two, maybe three more members of the Night's Watch, or potentially someone from elsewhere who wished to see beyond the Wall, and quite a few more Free Folk, who can be any age, gender, whatever. There will be bloodshed, but I'm looking for the RP to focus on the tenuous relationship between the Night's Watch members and the wildlings they're being forced to work with.
So check out the link in my signature if you're interested in a more structured, less sandbox and more story-telling styled RP, and thank you for your time.
steel car ports - Things to Consider When Buying Carports for Vehicles by Carport Empire Send Feedback to Carport Empire Request Reprint |
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Carports are a valuable investment and have excellent utility value because they serve multiple purposes. If you are planning to install a carport on your property, there are certain things you need to consider before finalizing on a particular model. You have a wide variety of car ports to choose from and it is important that you find one that ideally suits your requirements.
Consider how many vehicles you need to park in your carport. You should also have a clear idea about the dimensions of your vehicles. In line with your requirements, decide on a single, double or triple carport design.
Consider whether you want to use the car port for other purposes also -- such as a workspace, or to store farm/yard equipment. You can also plan for a utility carport that comes with considerable open parking space as well as spacious enclosed storage at the back.
Metal carports are highly durable and among these steel carports are the best options if you are looking for true value for your money.
Go for a color and design that vibes well with your residential structure and your vehicle. You can customize the car port as regards roof style, entry points, sidewall heights and other features. You can also choose to have it completely or partially enclosed.
Decide whether you want a certified or non-certified model -- certified structures have an engineer's stamped approval and are wind and snow load rated for compliance with state, county and city regulations. If your requirement is to store your farm equipment, it is enough that you install a non-certified structure.
Budget is an important consideration when buying metal or steel carports. If you are really in need of a car port, but don't have the money ready, the best alternative is to find a dealer that offers attractive financing for your single, double or triple carports.
Buy from a dealer that provides installation services. This will ensure that your carport is safely installed according to relevant building regulations.
Convenient Online Purchase Options from Reliable Dealers
Steel carports can be conveniently bought from dependable dealers that focus on providing premium products to their customers. They can help you choose the right structure that will ideally meet your particular requirements. When you decide to utilize such reliable services, you can rest assured that you are getting a quality product and dependable installation and maintenance support.
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You can prevent weather-related damages by protecting your automobile, truck or farm equipment with an affordable carport from Carport Empire.
Carport Empire is one of the largest distributors of quality carports, carport garages, steel buildings and RV carports in the United States.
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Man, does HTC employ some loose-lipped people or what? Less than a day after Microsoft's big Windows Phone 8 preview event, 
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